?例题1(1997年8月考试试题)
An critic, teacher, librarian, or poet who hopes to broaden poetry's audience faces the difficult challenge of persuading skeptical1 readers _____.
(A) that poetry is important today
(B) for poetry to be important today
(C) to be important poetry today
(D) poetry that is important today.
第一,剖析句子结构。句子的主干是an critic(teacher, librarian or poet ) faces the difficult challenge.定语从句who hopes to broaden poetry's audience修饰句子的主语an critic, teacher, librarian, or poet;介词短语of persuading skeptical readers_____修饰名词词组the difficult challenge.空格内填入的不是主句的主语,谓语,更不是主句的宾语,但它却是修饰宾语的定语。所以需要符合修饰的规则,在这里表现为符合动词persuade的使用方法。大家了解,persuade有三种使用方法:persuade sb to do sth(劝某人做某事),persuade sb of sth(劝某人相信某事)和persuade sb that从句(劝某人相信某事)。选项正好符合第三种使用方法,而且意思通顺。选项B和C虽然都带了介词to,但却不符合persuade sb to do sth的使用方法,由于其中的动词do sth需要是sb这个人所实行的动作。对于选项D,显然poetry that的顺序错了。假如将poetry that该成that poetry,就变成了选项A,即正确答案。?
例题2(1999年1月考试试题)
All eels2 spawn3 in the sea, the eggs hatchingsintostransparent, ribbonlike larvae4 _____, feeding until they metamorphosesintossmall eels.
(A) that drift about
(B) drift about
(C) about drifting
(D) drift about them
第一剖析句子结构。All eels spawn in the sea是个完整的主谓结构。而其后的成分与这个主谓结构没连词相连(4个选项都不含连词),所将来面都是修饰成分。其中的the eggs hatchingsintostransparent, ribbonlike larvae _____应该是同位语,而feeding until they metamorphosesintossmall eels是larvae的随着状语。所以,空格里填入的应该是修饰larvae的成分。4个选项中,A是以that引导的定语从句,它正好可以修饰名词larvae.选项B和D正好与larvae构成主谓结构,显然不符合空格。至于C,则纯粹是一个混淆选项。?
例题3(1997年8月考试试题)
Among the first plants to grow on the land regions of the Earth _____, which in prehistoric5 times grew to immense size.
(A) were horsetail rushes
(B) horsetail rushes
(C) horsetail rushes were
(D) and horsetail rushes
第一,剖析句子结构。这个句子以介词短语开头,among the first plants to grow on the land regions of the Earth.依据大家平常阅读的经验,该介词短语应当充当句子的谓语或者修饰名词的定语。假如它充当句子的谓语,那样这个句子应该用倒装语序,即后面紧跟一个助动词和主语。选项A正好是这种倒装的谓语结构,而且空格后which引导的从句正好修饰在它之前的名词horsetail rushes.这里,among介词引导的短语的另外一种可可以用法是修饰主句的名词做定语。若是这样的情况的话,空格应该有一个完整的主谓结构,应该空格后都是定语。选项B和D都不带谓语动词,所以排除掉。选项C后带了动词,但却是助动词,而且正好是选项A的主谓顺序颠倒。由此,大家了解这应该是一个介词引导的倒装语序,所以正确答案是A.?
例题4(1997年8月考试试题)
Unlike fossil fuels, which can be used only once, wind and solar power _____of energy.
(A) for renewable sources
(B) the sources are renewable
(C) are renewable sources
(D) renewable sources
这里,句子的主干应该是wind and solar power____ of energy.Unlike fossil fuels表示比较,做状语。而which引导的从句which can be used only once修饰fossil fuels.大家将4个选项分别代入句子主干的空格中,得(A) wind and solar power for renewable sources of energy选项A没主语,即没完整的主谓结构。(B) wind and solar power the sources are renewable of energy非常明显,这也不可以构成一个完整的有意义的句子。(C) wind and solar power are renewable sources of energy这个选项比较合适,由于主谓齐全,而且以名词sources结尾,让介词短语of energy修饰。(D) wind and solar power renewable sources of energy非常明显,这也不可以构成一个完整的主谓结构。所以,正确答案是C?
例题5(1997年8月考试试题)
Today _____ of the Earth live on a very small percentage of the Earth's land surface.
(A) about two-thirds populated
(B) the population is about two-thirds
(C) about two-thirds of the population
(D) of about two-thirds the population is
第一,剖析句子结构。依据句子的大意,动词live应该是主句的谓语动词。空格填入的应该是句子的主语,而a very small percentage of修饰限定the Earth's land surface.大家简化这个句子,得出句子主干_____ live on the Earth's land surface.空格内应该填入名词或者名词短语。4个选项中,只有C是明显的名词短语,代入后也符合句意。选项A中的populated不论是做定语还是谓语都不符合句意。而选项B和D都是带有助动词的主谓结构,当然不可以填入只缺主语的句子中。所以,正确答案是C.?
例题6(1997年8月考试试题)
Following the guidelines for speaking and voting established by the book Robert's Rules of Order, _____during meetings.
(A) and avoid large decision-making organizations' procedural confusion
(B) large decision-making organizations avoid procedural confusion
(C) is procedural confusion avoided by large decision-making organizations
(D) are avoiding procedural confusion in large decision-making organizations
第一,大家剖析following将来空格以前句子的成分。其中的established by the book Robert's Rules of Order和for speaking and voting都修饰the guideline.所以,大家可以将空格前的成分简化为following the guidelines.那样这个时候,原句成为Following the guidelines, _____ during meeting.和例题3一样,following the guidelines不是做定语(随着状语)就是做谓语。假如它做定语,后面需要带自然语序的主谓结构;假如它做谓语,后面需要带倒装的主谓结构。由此,大家排除带有and的选项A.依据句意(guidelines和confusion的意思)大家又可以排除选项C.这个时候,大家只剩下选项B和D.选项D是主谓倒装的结构,填入后主语应该是avoiding procedural confusion,谓语动词是are.非常明显,avoiding procedural confusion后应跟单数谓语动词。所以D也错,只有B才可能是正确答案。代入句中,符合句意。?
例题7(1997年8月考试试题)
Because it was so closely related to communication, _____ art form to develop.
(A) drawing was probably the earliest
(B) to draw early was probably
(C) early drawing probably
(D) the earliest draw.
第一,大家剖析句子结构。空格前是because引导是什么原因状语从句,也就是说,_____art form to develop应该是完整的主谓结构。而单数的art暗示它应该是修饰名词form,不定式to develop做补语。所以,空格内应填入完整的主谓结构。这个时候,大家可以排除选项C和D,剩下选项A和B.仔细对比选项A和B,大家发现选项A更符合句意,由于drawing这个名词(画)才可能是一种艺术形式(art form),而动作to draw不可能是一种艺术形式。所以,正确答案是A